The category of Resources and Energy encompasses the study of energy sources, such as mineral, water, wood, coal, oil, gas, nuclear, wind, sun, and soil sources, including efforts to increase their efficiency in producing energy and to reduce the impact of their use on the environment. How do we use these resources? How can we do it better?

INSPO Olympiad seeks solutions to problems related to responsible use of non-renewable natural resources; efficient use of non-renewable natural resources (e.g., in energy and goods production); the impacts of non-renewable natural sources on global warming; the efficient use of renewable natural resources (e.g., in energy and goods production); soil degradation, erosion, and remediation; the efficient use of water resources, and more.